Solve 59.

main
Felix Martin 2019-01-04 19:12:45 -05:00
parent 2aac4a6d4a
commit 3020b89719
3 changed files with 295 additions and 4 deletions

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@ -26,6 +26,136 @@
"Your task has been made easy, as the encryption key consists of three lower case characters. Using cipher.txt (right click and 'Save Link/Target As...'), a file containing the encrypted ASCII codes, and the knowledge that the plain text must contain common English words, decrypt the message and find the sum of the ASCII values in the original text."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"def get_encrypted_msg():\n",
" with open(\"EulerProblem059.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n",
" msg = [int(d) for d in f.read().split(',')]\n",
" return msg\n",
" \n",
"def get_words():\n",
" with open(\"EulerProblem042.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n",
" words = [w.strip('\"') for w in f.read().split(\",\")]\n",
" return set(words)\n",
"\n",
"assert(65 ^ 42 == 107)\n",
"msg = get_encrypted_msg()\n",
"word_list = get_words()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"We only have a three leter code which makes this problem easy to solve. Normally, "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"def generate_keys():\n",
" alphabet = list(map(chr, range(97, 123)))\n",
" return [(ord(a), ord(b), ord(c)) for a in alphabet for b in alphabet for c in alphabet]\n",
"\n",
"keys = generate_keys()\n",
"assert(len(keys) == 26 * 26 * 26)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"def to_string(msg):\n",
" return \"\".join(map(chr, msg))\n",
"\n",
"assert(to_string([65, 42, 107]) == \"A*k\")\n",
"\n",
"def to_ascii(msg):\n",
" return list(map(ord, msg))\n",
"\n",
"assert(to_ascii(\"A*k\") == [65, 42, 107])"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"def decrypt_msg(key, msg):\n",
" return [d ^ key[i % len(key)] for i, d in enumerate(msg)]\n",
"\n",
"assert(decrypt_msg([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7]) == [0, 0, 0, 5, 7, 4])\n",
"\n",
"def clean_word(word):\n",
" return word.strip('').strip(\",\").strip(\".\").strip(\"!\").strip(\"?\").upper()\n",
"\n",
"def test_key(key, msg):\n",
" msg = to_string(decrypt_msg(key, msg))\n",
" word_count = 0\n",
" words = msg.split(\" \")\n",
" for word in words:\n",
" if clean_word(word) in word_list:\n",
" word_count += 1 \n",
" return word_count / len(words)\n",
" "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"ss = [(test_key(key, msg), key) for key in keys]\n",
"s = sorted(ss, reverse=True)[0]\n",
"key = s[1]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"(The Gospel of John, chapter 1) 1 In the beginning the Word already existed. He was with God, and he was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 He created everything there is. Nothing exists that he didn't make. 4 Life itself was in him, and this life gives light to everyone. 5 The light shines through the darkness, and the darkness can never extinguish it. 6 God sent John the Baptist 7 to tell everyone about the light so that everyone might believe because of his testimony. 8 John himself was not the light; he was only a witness to the light. 9 The one who is the true light, who gives light to everyone, was going to come into the world. 10 But although the world was made through him, the world didn't recognize him when he came. 11 Even in his own land and among his own people, he was not accepted. 12 But to all who believed him and accepted him, he gave the right to become children of God. 13 They are reborn! This is not a physical birth resulting from human passion or plan, this rebirth comes from God.14 So the Word became human and lived here on earth among us. He was full of unfailing love and faithfulness. And we have seen his glory, the glory of the only Son of the Father.\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"print(to_string(decrypt_msg(key, msg)))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"107359\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"s = sum(decrypt_msg(key, msg))\n",
"print(s)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
@ -37,7 +167,7 @@
}
],
"metadata": {
"completion_date": "",
"completion_date": "Sat, 5 Jan 2019, 00:10",
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 3",
"language": "python3.6",
@ -55,7 +185,11 @@
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.6.5"
},
"tags": []
"tags": [
"xor",
"cipher",
"encryption"
]
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 2

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@ -11789,6 +11789,157 @@ div#notebook {
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get_encrypted_msg</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"EulerProblem059.txt"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"r"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">d</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">','</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">msg</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get_words</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"EulerProblem042.txt"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"r"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">words</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'"'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">w</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">","</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">words</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">65</span> <span class="o">^</span> <span class="mi">42</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">107</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">get_encrypted_msg</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">word_list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">get_words</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<p>We only have a three leter code which makes this problem easy to solve. Normally,</p>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">generate_keys</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">alphabet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">chr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">97</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">123</span><span class="p">)))</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[(</span><span class="nb">ord</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="nb">ord</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="nb">ord</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">alphabet</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">alphabet</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">alphabet</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">keys</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">generate_keys</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">26</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">26</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">26</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s2">""</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">chr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">65</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">42</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">107</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"A*k"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">to_ascii</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">ord</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">to_ascii</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"A*k"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">65</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">42</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">107</span><span class="p">])</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">decrypt_msg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">^</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">d</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">enumerate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<span class="k">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decrypt_msg</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">clean_word</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">word</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">word</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">","</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"."</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"!"</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"?"</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">upper</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decrypt_msg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">word_count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">words</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">" "</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">word</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">words</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">clean_word</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">word</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">word_list</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">word_count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">word_count</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">words</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ss</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">test_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ss</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">reverse</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decrypt_msg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">)))</span>
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<pre>(The Gospel of John, chapter 1) 1 In the beginning the Word already existed. He was with God, and he was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 He created everything there is. Nothing exists that he didn't make. 4 Life itself was in him, and this life gives light to everyone. 5 The light shines through the darkness, and the darkness can never extinguish it. 6 God sent John the Baptist 7 to tell everyone about the light so that everyone might believe because of his testimony. 8 John himself was not the light; he was only a witness to the light. 9 The one who is the true light, who gives light to everyone, was going to come into the world. 10 But although the world was made through him, the world didn't recognize him when he came. 11 Even in his own land and among his own people, he was not accepted. 12 But to all who believed him and accepted him, he gave the right to become children of God. 13 They are reborn! This is not a physical birth resulting from human passion or plan, this rebirth comes from God.14 So the Word became human and lived here on earth among us. He was full of unfailing love and faithfulness. And we have seen his glory, the glory of the only Son of the Father.
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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decrypt_msg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<pre>107359
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@ -937,12 +937,18 @@
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<td><a href="EulerProblem059.html">Problem 059</a></td>
<td></td>
<td>Sat, 5 Jan 2019, 00:10</td>
<td>
<kbd>xor</kbd>
<kbd>cipher</kbd>
<kbd>encryption</kbd>
</td>
</tr>