Files
cryptopals/data/set6c47.py

155 lines
4.4 KiB
Python

import sys
from math import log, ceil, floor
from fractions import Fraction
# Case for which 2.b does not execute (Simple Case)
e = 3
d = 49245850836238243386848117224834103046337172957950760944544575720018018155267
n = 73868776254357365080272175837251154570062235041494422684546086388903725268033
# Case for which 2.b does execute (Complex Case)
e = 3
d = 7436226431632429054084263734954342197144411188982219770498201348078527629483
n = 11154339647448643581126395602431513296069677965376957820612905826953621832839
def bytes_needed(n: int) -> int:
if n == 0:
return 1
return int(log(n, 256)) + 1
def add_padding(m: int, k: int) -> int:
padding_size = 11
from_len = bytes_needed(m)
assert(from_len + padding_size <= k)
padding_str_len = k - 3 - from_len
r = [0x0, 0x2]
for _ in range(2, padding_str_len + 2):
r.append(0xff)
r.append(0x0)
r += m.to_bytes(from_len, 'big')
assert(len(r) == k)
r = int.from_bytes(r, byteorder='big')
return r
def remove_padding(m: int, k: int) -> int:
v = m.to_bytes(k, 'big')
assert(v[0] == 0x0 and v[1] == 0x2)
i = 2
while v[i] == 0xff:
i = i + 1
assert(v[i] == 0x0)
return int.from_bytes(v[i + 1:], 'big')
def oracle(c: int) -> bool:
m = decrypt(c)
v = m.to_bytes(bytes_needed(n), 'big')
return v[0] == 0x0 and v[1] == 0x2
def encrypt(m: int) -> int:
return pow(m, e, n)
def decrypt(c: int) -> int:
return pow(c, d, n)
def test():
m = int.from_bytes(b"kick it, CC", byteorder='big')
assert(m == 129852745126415640677073731)
k = bytes_needed(n)
assert(k == 32)
padded_m = 5300541194335152988749892502228755547482451611528547105226896651010982723
assert(padded_m == add_padding(m, k))
assert(m == remove_padding(add_padding(m, k), k))
print('[tests passed]')
def main():
test()
k = bytes_needed(n)
m = int.from_bytes(b"kick it, CC", byteorder='big')
m_orig = m
c = encrypt(add_padding(m, k))
assert(m == remove_padding(decrypt(c), k))
B = pow(2, 8 * (k - 2))
# Step 1: Blinding (not necessary because already PKCS conforming).
i = 1
s = 1
m = [(2 * B, 3 * B - 1)]
assert(oracle(c))
# Step 2: Searching for PKCS conforming messages.
while True:
# print("========")
# print(f"{i=} {s=} {m=}")
if i == 1:
# Step 2.a: Starting the search.
s = ceil(n / (3 * B))
while not oracle(c * pow(s, e, n) % n):
s += 1
elif len(m) > 1:
# Step 2.b: Searching with more than one interval left.
s += 1
while not oracle(c * pow(s, e, n) % n):
s += 1
elif len(m) == 1:
# Step 2.c: Searching with one interval left.
a, b = m[0]
found = False
r = ceil(Fraction(2 * (b * s - 2 * B), n))
while not found:
s_lower = Fraction(2 * B + r * n, b)
s_upper = Fraction(3 * B + r * n, a)
s_lower_ceil = ceil(s_lower)
s_upper_ceil = ceil(s_upper)
for s in range(s_lower_ceil, s_upper_ceil):
if oracle(c * pow(s, e, n) % n):
found = True
break
r += 1
else:
raise Exception("No intervals?")
# Step 3: Narrowing the set of solutions.
m_new = []
for (a, b) in m:
lower = Fraction((a * s - 3 * B + 1), n)
upper = Fraction((b * s - 2 * B), n)
lower_ceil = ceil(lower)
upper_ceil = ceil(upper)
# If upper is an integer we have to increment it to include it into
# the range.
if upper == upper_ceil:
upper_ceil += 1
for r in range(lower_ceil, upper_ceil):
a_new = max(a, ceil(Fraction(2 * B + r * n, s)))
b_new = min(b, floor(Fraction(3 * B - 1 + r * n, s)))
m_new.append((a_new, b_new))
m = m_new
# Step 4: Computing the solutions.
if len(m) == 1 and m[0][0] == m[0][1]:
m = m[0][0]
break
i = i + 1
assert(m == 5300541194335152988749892502228755547482451611528547105226896651010982723)
m = remove_padding(m, k)
assert(m == m_orig)
print("[okay] Challenge 48: Bleichenbacher's PKCS 1.5 Padding Oracle (Complex Case)")
main()