Finish day 21 part 2 not super hands free but I take it.

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+Pipfile
 __pycache__
 *.txt

README.md

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ My solutions to the Advent of Code 2023 programming challenges.
 
 Thanks to Eric Wastl for creating this enjoyable event.
 
-Requires `lib.py` from [aocpy](https://git.felixm.de/felixm/aocpy) repository.
+- Requires `lib.py` from [aocpy](https://git.felixm.de/felixm/aocpy) repository.
-
+- Requires `sympy` for day 24.
+- Requires `matplotlib` and `networkx` for hands-on day 25.
 
 # Times
 
@@ -38,8 +39,15 @@ Requires `lib.py` from [aocpy](https://git.felixm.de/felixm/aocpy) repository.
   the input conjunction gate pretty early, but then messed up the
   implementation and thought it wasn't gonna work. Spent a half day thinking up
   something else before returning to the idea and it worked flawlessly.
-- Day 21:
+- Day 21: Part 1 was straightforward, but part 2 maybe the hardest problem this
+  year.
 - Day 22: Not too hard, but definitely way too slow for leaderboard.
-- Day 23:
+- Day 23: I found this fun because it required some creativity for part 2. Slow
-- Day 24:
+  af, of course.
-- Day 25:
+- Day 24: Solve problem with sympy. I first used numpy to solve part 1 and it
+  was much faster than using sympy, but I lost that solution when switching to
+  sympy. Takes about three minutes to run for part 1 and then part 2 is under a
+  second.
+- Day 25: I cheeky solved this by plotting the graph and manually removing the
+  nodes. I should probably try to write an algorith that does that, but meh.
+  Manually plotting requires matplotlib and networkx packages.

d21.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from lib import *
+import os
 
-EXAMPLE = """
+EXAMPLE = """...........
-...........
 .....###.#.
 .###.##..#.
 ..#.#...#..
@@ -14,13 +14,11 @@ EXAMPLE = """
 ...........
 """
 
-def solve(i: Input, second=False):
+def solve(input: Input):
-    res = 0
+    g = input.grid2()
-    g = i.grid2()
     s = g.find('S')[0]
     g[s] = 'O'
-    # steps = 64
+    steps = 64
-    steps = 26501365
     seen = set()
     for i in range(steps):
         os = tuple(g.find('O'))
@@ -38,18 +36,178 @@ def solve(i: Input, second=False):
                     g[nb] = 'O'
     return len(g.find('O'))
 
+
+def plot(xs, poss):
+    os.system("clear")
+    rcoords = [x[0] for x in xs]
+    ccoords = [x[1] for x in xs]
+    rmin = min(rcoords)
+    rmax = max(rcoords)
+    cmin = min(ccoords)
+    cmax = max(ccoords)
+    for r in range(rmin, rmax + 1):
+        s = ""
+        for c in range(cmin, cmax + 1):
+            if (r, c) in xs:
+                s += "#"
+            elif (r, c) in poss:
+                s += "O"
+            else:
+                s += " "
+        print(s)
+
+def move(xs, roff, coff):
+    rcoords = [x[0] for x in xs]
+    ccoords = [x[1] for x in xs]
+    rd = max(rcoords) - min(rcoords) + 3
+    cd = max(ccoords) - min(ccoords) + 3
+    newxs = [(x[0] + roff * rd, x[1] + coff * cd) for x in xs]
+    return set(newxs)
+
+def iter(poss, stones):
+    nposs = set()
+    for r, c in poss:
+        for ro, co in [(-1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (0, -1)]:
+            nr, nc = r + ro, c + co
+            if not (nr, nc) in stones:
+                nposs.add((nr, nc))
+    return nposs
+
+def get_bounds(size, ro, co):
+    rmin = size * ro 
+    rmax = size + size * ro
+    cmin = size * co 
+    cmax = size + size * co
+    return rmin, rmax, cmin, cmax
+
+def count(poss, size, ro, co):
+    rmin, rmax, cmin, cmax = get_bounds(size, ro, co)
+    res = 0
+    for (r, c) in poss:
+        if (rmin <= r < rmax) and (cmin <= c < cmax):
+            res += 1
+    return res
+
+def solve2(ip: Input):
+    base_stones = set()
+    poss = set()
+
+    size = len(ip.lines())
+    assert size == len(ip.lines()[0])
+
+    for r, row in enumerate(ip.lines()):
+        for c, col in enumerate(row):
+            if col == "#":
+                base_stones.add((r, c))
+            if col == "S":
+                poss.add((r, c))
+
+    stones = base_stones.copy()
+
+    off = 19 // 2
+    for ro in range(-off, off + 1):
+        for co in range(-off, off + 1):
+            stones |= move(base_stones, ro, co)
+
+
+    hists = {}
+    for ro in range(-off, off + 1):
+        for co in range(-off, off + 1):
+            hists[(ro, co)] = []
+
+    #for step in range(590):
+    #    if step % 1 == 0:
+    #        sanity = 0
+    #        os.system("clear")
+    #        for ro in range(-off, off + 1):
+    #            s = ""
+    #            for co in range(-off, off + 1):
+    #                v = count(poss, size, ro, co)
+    #                sanity += v
+    #                if v > 0:
+    #                    hists[(ro, co)].append(v)
+    #                    s += f"{v:6}"
+    #                else:
+    #                    s += 6 * " "
+    #            print(s)
+    #        # input(f"{step=} {step//size=} {len(poss)} ({sanity}) cont...")
+    #        print(f"{step=} {step//size=} {len(poss)} ({sanity}) cont...")
+    #    poss = iter(poss, stones)
+
+    # 66, 197, 328 459 # cycle starts
+    # 196, 327, 458, 589 # targets
+    def calc(len, xs):
+        if len % 2 == 0:
+            return len // 2 * sum(xs)
+        else:
+            return len // 2 * sum(xs) + xs[0]
+
+    target = 196
+    target = 327
+    target = 458
+    target = 589
+    target = 26501365
+    # for target in [196, 327, 458, 589]:
+    print()
+    print(target)
+    cycle = 131
+    c = target // cycle
+    d = (target // cycle) * 2 + 1 - 2
+    print(f"{c=} {d=}")
+    res = 0
+    res += 5698 + 5703 + 5709 + 5704 # corners
+    res += c * 964 + c * 984 + c * 968 + c * 978 # outer
+    res += (c - 1) * 6637 + (c - 1) * 6624 + (c - 1) * 6643 + (c - 1) * 6619 # inner
+
+    for i in range(d, 0, -2):
+        res += calc(i, [7623, 7558])
+
+    for i in range(d - 2, 0, -2):
+        res += calc(i, [7623, 7558])
+
+    print(res)
+    return res
+
+    # def get_till(xs, ts):
+    #     ts = ts[:]
+    #     r = []
+    #     for x in xs:
+    #         r.append(x)
+    #         if x in ts:
+    #             ts.remove(x)
+    #         if ts == []:
+    #             break
+    #     return r
+
+    osz_values = hists[(0, 4)][-2:]
+    # se = get_till(hists[0, 5], osz_values)
+    # sn = get_till(hists[-5, 0], osz_values)
+    # ss = get_till(hists[5, 0], osz_values)
+    # sw = get_till(hists[0, -5], osz_values)
+    # print(se)
+    # print(sn)
+    # print(sw)
+    # print(ss)
+
+    # sne = get_till(hists[-5, 5], osz_values)
+    # sse = get_till(hists[5, 5], osz_values)
+    # ssw = get_till(hists[5, -5], osz_values)
+    # snw = get_till(hists[-5, -5], osz_values)
+    # print(sne)
+    # print(sse)
+    # print(ssw)
+    # print(snw)
+
+    # for i in range(3, 10):
+    #     print(hists[(0, i)][:5])
+    #     print(hists[(0, -i)][:5])
+
 def main():
     DAY_INPUT = "i21.txt"
-
+    # print("Example  1:", solve(Input(EXAMPLE)))
-    print("Example  1:", solve(Input(EXAMPLE)))
+    # print("Solution 1:", solve(Input(DAY_INPUT)))
-    print("Solution 1:", solve(Input(DAY_INPUT)))
+    # print("Example  2:", solve2(Input(EXAMPLE)))
-    return
+    print("Solution 2:", solve2(Input(DAY_INPUT)))
-
-    print("Example  2:", solve(Input(EXAMPLE), True))
-    return
-
-    print("Solution 2:", solve(Input(DAY_INPUT), True))
-    return
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()

d23.py

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+from lib import *
+from collections import deque
+
+EXAMPLE = """#.#####################
+#.......#########...###
+#######.#########.#.###
+###.....#.>.>.###.#.###
+###v#####.#v#.###.#.###
+###.>...#.#.#.....#...#
+###v###.#.#.#########.#
+###...#.#.#.......#...#
+#####.#.#.#######.#.###
+#.....#.#.#.......#...#
+#.#####.#.#.#########v#
+#.#...#...#...###...>.#
+#.#.#v#######v###.###v#
+#...#.>.#...>.>.#.###.#
+#####v#.#.###v#.#.###.#
+#.....#...#...#.#.#...#
+#.#########.###.#.#.###
+#...###...#...#...#.###
+###.###.#.###v#####v###
+#...#...#.#.>.>.#.>.###
+#.###.###.#.###.#.#v###
+#.....###...###...#...#
+#####################.#
+"""
+
+SLOPES = {
+    "^": (-1, 0),
+    ">": (0, 1),
+    "v": (1, 0),
+    "<": (0, -1),
+}
+
+def first(input):
+    g = input.grid2()
+    start = (0, 1)
+    end = (g.n_rows - 1, g.n_cols - 2)
+    longest = 0
+    paths = [(set([start]), start)]
+    while True:
+        new_paths = []
+        for p in paths:
+            hist, pos = p
+            for d in g.COORDS_ORTH:
+                nb = add2(pos, d)
+                if nb[0] < 0 or nb[0] >= g.n_rows or nb[1] < 0 or nb[1] >= g.n_cols:
+                    continue
+                c = g[nb]
+                if c in SLOPES.keys() and d != SLOPES[c]:
+                    continue
+                if c == "#" or nb in hist:
+                    continue
+                if nb == end:
+                    l = len(hist)
+                    if l > longest:
+                        longest = l
+                    continue
+                nhist = hist.copy()
+                nhist.add(nb)
+                new_paths.append((nhist, nb))
+        paths = new_paths
+        if len(paths) == 0:
+            break
+    return longest
+
+def solve(input: Input, second=False):
+    if not second:
+        return first(input)
+
+    g = input.grid2()
+    start = (0, 1)
+    end = (g.n_rows - 1, g.n_cols - 2)
+
+    seen = set()
+    q = deque([[start, (1, 1)]])
+
+    # The intuition is that we can brute force much quicker if we have a pure
+    # graph instead of following the maze along the whole time. So, we create
+    # a graph from the maze and then brute force on the maze.
+    sg = {start: set()} # {node: {(node, dist), ...}}
+
+    while q:
+        trail = q.popleft()
+        pos = trail[-1]
+        while True:
+            nbs = []
+            for d in g.COORDS_ORTH:
+                nb = add2(pos, d)
+                if nb[0] < 0 or nb[0] >= g.n_rows or nb[1] < 0 or nb[1] >= g.n_cols:
+                    continue
+                if g[nb] == "#" or nb == trail[-2]:
+                    continue
+                nbs.append(nb)
+            if len(nbs) == 1:
+                pos = nbs[0]
+                trail.append(pos)
+            else:
+                break
+
+        if not pos in sg:
+            sg[pos] = set()
+
+        dist = len(trail) - 1
+        sg[trail[0]].add((pos, dist))
+        sg[pos].add((trail[0], dist))
+
+        seen.add(pos)
+        for nb in nbs:
+            if not nb in seen:
+                seen.add(nb)
+                q.append([pos, nb])
+
+    # for key, value in sg.items():
+    #     print(key, value)
+
+    # Brute force in bf order.
+    longest = 0
+    q = deque([(set(), start, 0)])
+    while q:
+        hist, pos, dist = q.popleft()
+        if pos == end:
+            if dist > longest:
+                longest = dist
+            continue
+
+        for nb, d in sg[pos]:
+            if nb in hist:
+                continue
+            nhist = hist.copy()
+            nhist.add(nb)
+            q.append((nhist, nb, dist + d))
+
+    return longest
+
+
+def main():
+    DAY_INPUT = "i23.txt"
+    # print("Example  1:", solve(Input(EXAMPLE)))
+    # print("Solution 1:", solve(Input(DAY_INPUT)))
+    print("Example  2:", solve(Input(EXAMPLE), True))
+    print("Solution 2:", solve(Input(DAY_INPUT), True))
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

d24.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+from lib import *
+import sympy as sp
+
+EXAMPLE = """19, 13, 30 @ -2,  1, -2
+18, 19, 22 @ -1, -1, -2
+20, 25, 34 @ -2, -2, -4
+12, 31, 28 @ -1, -2, -1
+20, 19, 15 @  1, -5, -3
+"""
+
+
+def solve1(input: Input):
+    if len(input.lines()) == 5:
+        lb = 7
+        ub = 27
+    else:
+        lb = 200000000000000
+        ub = 400000000000000
+
+    # On paper:
+    # (px - sx1) / vx1 = (py - sy1) / vy1
+    # (px - sx1) * vy1 = (py - sy1) * vx1
+    # (px - sx1) * vy1 - (py - sy1) * vx1 = 0
+    res = 0
+    eqs = [str_to_ints(l) for l in input.lines()]
+    for i, eq1 in enumerate(eqs):
+        for eq2 in eqs[:i]:
+            sx1, sy1, _, vx1, vy1, _ = eq1
+            sx2, sy2, _, vx2, vy2, _ = eq2
+
+            px, py = sp.symbols("px py")
+            es = [
+                vy1 * (px - sx1) - vx1 * (py - sy1),
+                vy2 * (px - sx2) - vx2 * (py - sy2),
+            ]
+            r = sp.solve(es)
+            if not r:
+                continue
+
+            x, y = r[px], r[py]
+            if lb <= x <= ub and lb <= y < ub:
+                t1 = (x - sx1) / vx1
+                t2 = (x - sx2) / vx2
+                if (t1 > 0 and t2 > 0):
+                    res += 1
+
+    return res
+
+
+def solve2(input: Input):
+    eqs = [str_to_ints(l) for l in input.lines()]
+    px, py, pz, vxo, vyo, vzo = sp.symbols("px py pz vxo vyo vzo")
+    es = []
+
+    # The first six equations are enough to find a solution for my problem set.
+    # Might have to be increased depending on input.
+    for i, (x, y, z, vx, vy, vz) in enumerate(eqs[:6]):
+        t = sp.symbols(f"t{i}")
+        es.append(px + vxo * t - x - vx * t)
+        es.append(py + vyo * t - y - vy * t)
+        es.append(pz + vzo * t - z - vz * t)
+    r = sp.solve(es)[0]
+    return r[px] + r[py] + r[pz]
+
+def main():
+    DAY_INPUT = "i24.txt"
+    print("Solution 1:", solve1(Input(EXAMPLE)))
+    print("Solution 1:", solve1(Input(DAY_INPUT)))
+    print("Example  2:", solve2(Input(EXAMPLE)))
+    print("Solution 2:", solve2(Input(DAY_INPUT)))
+    return
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

d25.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+from lib import *
+from random import choice
+from collections import deque
+
+
+# def plot(graph):
+#     import networkx as nx
+#     import matplotlib
+#     import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+#     G = nx.Graph()
+#     for node, connected_nodes in graph.items():
+#         for connected_node in connected_nodes:
+#             G.add_edge(node, connected_node)
+#     # pos = nx.spring_layout(G, k=2.0, iterations=20)  # Adjust k as needed
+#     pos = nx.shell_layout(G)
+#     nx.draw(G, with_labels=True, node_color='lightblue', edge_color='gray', node_size=2000, font_size=15, font_weight='bold')
+#     matplotlib.use('qtagg')
+#     plt.show()
+
+
+def solve(input: Input):
+    graph = {}
+    edges = {}
+
+    for line in input.lines():
+        src, dsts = line.split(":")
+        dsts = dsts.strip().split(" ")
+
+        if not src in graph:
+            graph[src] = []
+
+        for dst in dsts:
+            graph[src].append(dst)
+            if not dst in graph:
+                graph[dst] = []
+            graph[dst].append(src)
+
+            edge = tuple(sorted([src, dst]))
+            edges[edge] = 0
+
+    for _ in range(100):
+        first_node = choice(list(graph.keys()))
+        seen = set([first_node])
+        visit = deque([first_node])
+        while visit:
+            node = visit.popleft()
+            for nb in graph[node]:
+                if not nb in seen:
+                    seen.add(nb)
+                    visit.append(nb)
+                    edge = tuple(sorted([node, nb]))
+                    edges[edge] += 1
+
+    # Orignally, I used `plot(graph)` to visually find the nodes that have to
+    # be removed. I then came up with this heuristic approach. The idea is that
+    # we have to cross one of the three nodes when we do a breadth first
+    # search. By repeatedly doing that we can identify the "bridges" as the
+    # three edges that are used the most often.
+    most_visited = sorted(edges.items(), key=lambda t: t[1], reverse=True)[:3]
+
+    # to_remove = (("plt", "mgb"), ("jxm", "qns"), ("dbt", "tjd"))  # found visually
+    # for node, count in most_visited:
+    #     print(node, count) # should print the same as `to_remove`
+
+    for (a, b), _ in most_visited:
+        graph[a].remove(b)
+        graph[b].remove(a)
+
+    to_visit = [choice(list(graph.keys()))]
+    seen = set(to_visit)
+    while to_visit:
+        node = to_visit.pop()
+        for nb in graph[node]:
+            if not nb in seen:
+                seen.add(nb)
+                to_visit.append(nb)
+
+    return len(seen) * (len(graph) - len(seen))
+
+
+def main():
+    DAY_INPUT = "i25.txt"
+    print("Solution 1:", solve(Input(DAY_INPUT)), "(hands-free)")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()